Things you need to know about gallstones

Gallstones are solid formations that develop in the gallbladder, ranging in size from small grains to ping-pong balls. Composed of cholesterol or bilirubin, these stones can lead to complications if they obstruct bile ducts. Cholelithiasis is the term for the presence of gallstones.

Causes and risk factors of gallstones

Cholesterol excess, often stemming from metabolic disorders like obesity and diabetes, contributes to 75% of gallstones. Other factors include excess bilirubin and gallbladder stasis. Women, especially those with hormonal fluctuations, and individuals over 40, are at a higher risk.

Gallstones symptoms

Gallstones may remain asymptomatic, but when symptoms arise, biliary colic—persistent abdominal pain—is a common indicator. Complications can lead to gallbladder disease, liver disease, pancreatitis, cholangitis, jaundice, and malabsorption.

Diagnosis of gallstones

Blood tests and imaging, such as ultrasound, MRCP, and ERCP, aid in diagnosing gallstones. These methods help identify the location and nature of the stones and assess potential complications.

Also Read: Difference between Kidney stones and Gall-bladder stones

Treatment for gallstones

While asymptomatic gallstones may not require intervention, problematic cases often necessitate gallbladder removal through laparoscopic cholecystectomy. ERCP is employed for stones in the bile ducts. Medications can dissolve smaller stones, but surgery remains the standard for significant issues.

Prevention of gallstones

Diet plays a crucial role in preventing cholesterol gallstones. Recommendations include limiting fried foods, opting for plant oils, incorporating fish, consuming fiber-rich foods, and gradual weight loss.

 Kauvery Hospital

Immediate medical attention is crucial if you are experiencing persistent abdominal pain. Visit Kauvery Hospital where you can consult with the best gastroenterologists in Chennai.

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