Understanding Coronary Artery Disease (CAD) | Symptoms, Treatment, and Prevention

Coronary Artery Disease (CAD) occurs when plaque buildup in coronary arteries restricts blood flow to the heart. This condition manifests in two forms: Stable Ischemic Heart Disease, a chronic condition with gradual artery narrowing, and Acute Coronary Syndrome, a sudden medical emergency caused by plaque rupture leading to a blood clot.

Symptoms and Causes

CAD symptoms may not appear until arteries significantly narrow. Common symptoms include stable angina (temporary chest pain), shortness of breath, and in severe cases, a heart attack. Atherosclerosis, the gradual buildup of plaque in arteries, primarily causes CAD. Risk factors include genetic predisposition, poor dietary habits, lack of exercise, smoking, and various health conditions like diabetes and high blood pressure.

Treatment

Treatment involves lifestyle changes, risk factor management, medications, and in severe cases, procedures or surgeries. Lifestyle changes include smoking cessation, adopting a heart-healthy diet, regular exercise, and limiting alcohol intake. Medications aim to lower blood pressure and cholesterol, manage stable angina, and reduce blood clot risk. Procedures like Percutaneous Coronary Intervention (PCI) or Coronary Artery Bypass Grafting (CABG) may be recommended by cardiothoracic and vascular surgeons (CTVS) for severe cases.

Also read: Benefits and Risks of Off Pump Coronary Artery Bypass Surgery

Prevention

While not all risk factors are controllable, prevention strategies include quitting smoking, maintaining a healthy diet and weight, regular exercise, managing existing health conditions, and adherence to prescribed medications.

Kauvery Hospital

Our state-of-the-art facility specializes in Cardiac Sciences, offering cutting-edge treatments and diagnostics. With a team of experienced specialists, including the best cardiologists in Salem, we ensure top-notch care for your heart health. Trust us for comprehensive cardiac services, from prevention to advanced interventions. At Kauvery Hospital, your heart's well-being is our priority.

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